Scientific evidence
Peer-reviewed veterinary studies that used INpulse equipment: blood pressure with BPScan and LDO oscillometry, and ECG with INcardio X and INcardio Agile.
This list gathers peer-reviewed veterinary studies that cite INpulse equipment in the full text. Each item says what the equipment did in the study; only the first one evaluated the device itself.
The study that evaluated the device
Mantovani et al. · Veterinary Sciences, 2025
Compared the linear deflection oscillometry (LDO) of the INpulse algorithm and Doppler with invasive blood pressure in anesthetized dogs.
In 11 anesthetized dogs, LDO agreed better with invasive pressure than Doppler, especially during hypotension: mean arterial pressure bias of −5.1 ± 7.9 mmHg. Doppler tended to overestimate systolic pressure during hypotension (bias of −13 ± 15.5 mmHg). To detect hypotension, LDO had an AUC of 0.809 (MAP ≤ 72 mmHg; sensitivity 90%, specificity 63%) and Doppler 0.798 (SAP ≤ 100 mmHg; 77.8% and 81.8%). The authors describe it as the first study to precisely evaluate the INpulse blood pressure algorithm.
Limits: 11 dogs, all anesthetized; the study did not include cats or awake patients. INpulse provided the monitors and technical support, which the article discloses.
doi:10.3390/vetsci12020116 Full text on PubMed Central
Blood pressure
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Queiroz et al. · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2026
Dogs evaluated in a home environment show decreased arterial blood pressure and stress levels
Blood pressure of dogs measured at home and at the clinic with BPScan and vascular Doppler. At home, the dogs had lower pressure and stress.
Equipment: BPScan doi:10.1093/jvimsj/aalag190 Full text on PubMed Central
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de Sousa et al. · BMC Veterinary Research, 2026
Blood pressure (BPScan and Doppler) and 12-lead ECG (INcardio X) in cats, to measure the effect of a feline facial pheromone analogue during clinical examination.
Equipment: BPScan · INcardio X doi:10.1186/s12917-026-05511-x Full text on PubMed Central
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Fantoni et al. · Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2026
Analgesic efficacy of oral tramadol-dipyrone combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
Non-invasive blood pressure measured with BPScan in cats during ovariohysterectomy, in an analgesia study. The article spells the manufacturer as "Impulse, Curitiba".
Equipment: BPScan doi:10.3389/fvets.2026.1773463 Full text on PubMed Central
Electrocardiography
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Assoni et al. · BMC Veterinary Research, 2026
Electrocardiographic parameters and heart rate variability of free-ranging jaguars, recorded with a portable INpulse ECG.
Equipment: ECG portátil INpulse doi:10.1186/s12917-026-05285-2 Full text on PubMed Central
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Gorczak et al. · Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2026
Electrocardiographic profiles of white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) under two anesthetic protocols, recorded with INcardio X.
Equipment: INcardio X doi:10.3389/fvets.2026.1803243 Full text on PubMed Central
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Massie et al. · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2026
Heart rate of Colombian criollo horses during an exercise test, measured with INcardio Agile (6 leads).
Equipment: INcardio Agile doi:10.1093/jvimsj/aalag111 Full text on PubMed Central
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Silva et al. · Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2026
Cardiovascular evaluation in overweight and obese dogs
Electrocardiographic assessment of overweight and obese dogs, with INcardio hardware and the InCardio Duo software, the generation before INpulse One.
Equipment: INcardio doi:10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm004426 Full text on PubMed Central
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Dalmolin et al. · Veterinary Sciences, 2024
ECG with INcardio X in the pre-operative assessment of the dogs included in a celiotomy and video-assisted ovariohysterectomy study.
Equipment: INcardio X doi:10.3390/vetsci11110583 Full text on PubMed Central
How to cite the equipment
Product name followed by the manufacturer and city, for example: INcardio X (INpulse Animal Health, Florianópolis, Brazil). The official spelling is INpulse, INcardio, INmonitor and BPScan, with IN in capitals.
This is not a systematic review: these are the veterinary studies found in Europe PMC in October 2026 that cite INpulse equipment in the full text. In some of them INpulse provided equipment or support, as the articles themselves disclose.